The concept of "spa" originates from the Latin expression "Salus Per Aquam," meaning "health through water." There is also a resort in Belgium named Spa. Humans have always had a close relationship with water and its both purifying and calming effects. In various cultures around the world, different ways of enjoying the beneficial effects of water have been developed. The term spa as it is commonly used today was introduced by Americans in the late 1970s, and in Sweden, we have been using the word since the early 1990s. Sweden's first spa hotel was Selma Spa, which opened as early as 1991. Today, "spa" represents not only places for healthful baths but also facilities that focus on overall well-being and beauty. Spa culture has become a global phenomenon that combines traditional methods with modern techniques for relaxation and health. Many people enjoy a spa day or spa weekend to regain their energy and harness the beneficial properties of water for recovery.

Roman Baths

The Romans were known for their public baths, and bathing culture was an important part of Roman society. Romans could spend a day or more in the bathhouse with cleansing, massages, and oil treatments. They ate, drank, bathed, and gossiped. Everyone bathed, from emperors to slaves. The baths were fee-based, but the amount was symbolic. Women paid – for unknown reasons – twice as much as men. Children and slaves entered for free. The Roman bathing facilities were often elaborate and included hot and cold baths, steam baths, and other amenities.

Ottoman Hamams

In Ottoman culture, hamams or bathhouses were developed where people could enjoy water treatments and social interactions. These hamams had similarities to the Roman baths.

European Tradition

During the Middle Ages, the bathing tradition continued in Europe, with certain places having thermal springs known for their healing properties. People traveled to these places to bathe and expected health benefits. During the 1600s and 1700s, cold mineral water was consumed, referred to as "drinking the spa," and people often visited famous resorts like Baden-Baden in Germany, Karlsbad in Czechia, Medevi, and Ramlösa. Many Swedish sources became sacred, known as cross springs. Physician Urban Hjärne classified the spring waters in Sweden after learning from balneologists in Europe.

18th and 19th Centuries

During the 18th and 19th centuries, interest in health trips and resorts increased. Places with natural springs and healing waters became popular destinations. The term "spa" was increasingly used to describe places offering health-promoting treatments.

Modern Spa Culture

The spa industry has continued to evolve during the 20th century and beyond. Modern spas offer a wide variety of treatments, including massage, aromatherapy, facials, and various forms of hydrotherapy.

Japanese Bath Culture

And then we have the spa culture closest to our hearts. Japanese bathing tradition has a long history deeply rooted in the country's traditions and philosophies of health and well-being. With the country's many naturally hot springs out in nature, it's no wonder that the Japanese, as with so many other things, have made an art form of washing and bathing.